Why Use H-Beam For Steel Beams?

Why use H-beam for steel beams?
We think of steel as a very strong spring
Assume that the left and right side of a rectangular
steel beam are simplified
to 5 spring connections
When a steel beam is bent
the spring is stretched and compressed
Spring 3 has a constant length
we call it the neutral axis;
Spring 1 is 1 times longer than spring 2
so it's twice as elastic as spring 2;
Spring 1 is also
twice as far away from the neutral axis as spring 2
so moment arm 1 is also twice as far away as
moment arm 2;The deflection of the spring
against the neutral axis
is equal to the force times the moment arm
Therefore, spring 1
bends 4 times as far away
from the neutral axis as spring 2.
In other words, the same spring
spring two
contributes only a quarter as much force as spring one
The conclusion is that the steel
near the neutralization axis basically has no effect
so it is better to cut out the material to save
so there is the section of H-beam steel.
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